Work Placement I
First co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Work Placement II
Second co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Work Placement III
Third co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Work Placement IV
Optional co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Work Placement V
Optional co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Co-op Training and Development
Framework for the development of learning objectives by students for individual work terms. Includes orientation to the co-op experience, goal setting, career planning, résumé preparation and interview skills preparation.
Lectures, presentations, site visits, 2 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ECON and BBE Co-op students.
Principles of Microeconomics
Introduction to microeconomics. Topics include nature of economics, price system, demand, production and cost, markets and pricing, factor pricing and distribution of income.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Note: may be taken concurrently with, before or after ECON 1P92.
Principles of Macroeconomics
Introduction to macroeconomics. Topics include nature of economics, determination and control of national income, money, banking and monetary policy, macroeconomic policy and balance of payments.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Note: may be taken concurrently with, before or after ECON 1P91.
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration I
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to BBE, ECAN and ECON Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ECON 0N01.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration II
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to BBE, ECAN and ECON Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ECON 0N02.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration III
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to BBE, ECAN and ECON Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ECON 0N03.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration IV
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to BBE, ECAN and ECON Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ECON 0N04.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration V
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to BBE, ECAN and ECON C-op students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ECON 0N05.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
United States Economic History
(also offered as HIST 2P10)
United States economic development from the colonial era to the late 20th century. Topics include the effect of British mercantilist policy on the colonial economy, westward expansion, financial development under central and free banking, comparison of Northern and Southern agriculture, slavery and emancipation, industrialization and industrial organization, transportation, impact of wars, the changing role of women and the interaction of government and market.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92 or permission of the instructor.
European Economic History
(also offered as HIST 2P11)
The pre-industrial economy of the Middle Ages, the commercial expansion of Europe in the 16th century, the 17th century depression and the Industrial and Agricultural revolutions of the late 18th and 19th centuries. Technical progress, capital accumulation, growth of demand and new forms of economic organization as sources of economic change. The spread of industrialization between countries, the role of Europe in the world economy and the changing economic role of the state.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92 or permission of the instructor.
The Economics of Unions
(also offered as LABR 2P15)
Labour unions in the marketplace. How unions affect, and are affected by, the labour and product markets. Topics include the effects of unions on wages, fringe benefits, turnover, inequality, productivity and the profitability of firms; union behaviour; who belongs to unions and why; collective bargaining; strikes; interest arbitration; public-sector unionism.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92.
Economic Development
The economic factors affecting the growth of developing countries. Topics include growth models, inequality and poverty, education, urbanization, agriculture, international trade and the historical emergence of today's underdeveloped nations.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92.
Canadian Economic History
(also offered as HIST 2P19)
Growth and change in Canadian economy, from earliest European contact to the 20th century. Theories of growth, and of technical, institutional and demographic change. Topics include early fish, fur and timber trades, agriculture, the development of the West and the National Policy.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92 (or permission of the instructor).
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P09.
Intermediate Microeconomics I
Topics include the theory of the consumer and producer, willingness to pay, index numbers, the structure of a perfectly competitive industry and an introduction to imperfectly competitive markets. Applications are emphasized.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91; one of MATH 1P01, 1P05, 1P97.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P23.
Intermediate Macroeconomics I
Main determinants of aggregate output and national income in an open economy. Topics include money and interest, effects of fiscal and monetary policies, and trade and capital flows under different exchange rate regimes. Extension of the macroeconomic model to include the price level. Study of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P92.
Managerial Economics
Application of microeconomic concepts to business decision making. Topics include sales taxes and subsidies, consumer theory, production theory and various market structures such as discriminating monopoly, oligopoly and dominant firms.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to ECON (single or combined) majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91; one of MATH 1P01, 1P05, 1P97.
Note: this course is primarily designed for students in the Business Administration program.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P21.
Economics of the Environment
(also offered as TREN 2P28)
Economic perspectives on environmental and natural resource issues. Topics may include valuing environment improvements, population growth issues, sustainable development, forestry and fishery management, ozone depletion and climate change.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to TREN majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have a minimum of 4.0 overall credits.
Foundations of Economic Analysis
Using set theory to characterize economic problems. Multivariate marginal analysis and optimization (constrained and unconstrained) with applications in consumer and producer theory. Comparative statics and introduction to dynamic analysis. Linear algebra with applications in econometrics and multiple equation macroeconomic models.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to MATH (single or combined) majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91, 1P92 and MATH 1P98; one of MATH 1P01, 1P05, 1P97.
Students will not receive earned credit in ECON 2P30 if ECON 3P91 has been successfully completed.
Economics of Tourism and Leisure Activities
(also offered as TREN 2P41)
Introduction to the economic analysis of the tourism industry. Determinants of the demand and supply for tourism and recreation; impact of tourism, recreation and leisure on regional and national economies. Topics may include ecotourism and the impact of government policies on tourism and recreation.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to TREN majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have a minimum of 4.0 credits. Not open to ECON (single or combined) majors, BBE, INPE, ECON minor, or ENEC students.
Note: major credit will not be granted to BBE, ECON, ENEC or INPE majors.
Economics of Professional Sport
Economics of professional sport industries. Topics include the cost and market structures of professional sport, the economics of stadiums and arenas, and the economic impact of professional sport teams on a local economy.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91.
Canadian Economic Issues
(also offered as LABR 2P54)
Canadian economic and business problems and policies. Topics may include stabilization, competition, taxation, foreign trade and exchange rate policies.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92.
Health Economics
(also offered as CHSC 2P65 and TREN 2P65)
Topics may include economic factors affecting the delivery of health care; principles of cost-benefit analysis of health-care services; economic analysis of the supply of health care in Canada; government versus private health insurance; public versus private provision of health care; the economics of medical technology; the supply of physician services, pharmaceutical pricing and access.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to students with a minimum of 4.0 overall credits.
Women in the Economy
(also offered as CANA 2P86, LABR 2P86, SOCI 2P86 and WISE 2P86)
Women in the Canadian labour market. Topics include allocation of time between the household and the labour market, gender segregation in the work place, how earnings are determined, causes of occupational and earnings difference by gender, role of investment in education and discrimination, recent developments in the labour market and their impact on women and men, and selected policy issues.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 4.0 overall credits.
Introduction to Econometrics
Probability, random variables and density functions; correlation analysis; estimation and hypothesis testing in the classical linear regression model. Practical applications to different areas of economics and business.
Lectures, lab, 4.5 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to MATH (single or combined) majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91 and 1P92; MATH 1F92 or 1P98.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P91.
Business Econometrics with Applications
Multiple regression analysis with applications to forecasting and business decisions.
Lectures, lab, 4.5 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to ECON (single or combined), BBE and INPE majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P91, 1P92, MATH 1P97 and 1P98.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P90.
Topics in Canadian Economic Policy
Study of a particular area or theme in Canadian economic policy.
History of Economic Thought I
Development of economic analysis to 1870, including mercantilism, the classical school of political economy and Marx.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
History of Economic Thought II
The development of economic analysis since 1870, including marginalism, Keynes and the founders of modern economies.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 1P92; ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Note: ECON 3P01 is recommended.
Money and Banking I
Overview of financial markets, understanding interest rates, portfolio choice, the capital asset pricing model, the behaviour, risk and term structure of interest rates. Economic analysis of banking structure, the banking firm and the management of financial institutions. The stock market, portfolio choice, the capital asset pricing model.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22.
Money and Banking II
Central banking, the conduct and the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. The foreign currency market. The demand and supply of money. Money and inflation.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22.
Note: ECON 3P03 is recommended.
Industrial Organization
Markets and the economic environment affecting strategic pricing and non-pricing behaviour of firms. Topics include the determinants of market structure, oligopoly pricing including game theory, predatory pricing, resale price maintenance, limit pricing, price fixing, advertising and research and development.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Research Methods in Economics
Locating economic data and published research, planning the project and defining a hypothesis, reasoning and argument in economics, uses and abuses of theory and quantitative methods, selection of appropriate methods, presentation of the findings.
Lectures, seminar, lab, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ECON (single or combined), BBE and ENEC majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22; ECON 2P90 or 2P91.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 2P92.
Economics of the Multinational Enterprise
Economic theory of and public policy towards the multinational enterprise. Topics include theories of foreign direct investment, macroeconomic and microeconomic effects of direct investment in host countries, home country issues, industry studies, public policy towards multinationals.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Public Sector Economics: Expenditure
The role and nature of the government sector; economics of public expenditure with reference to equity and efficiency considerations; techniques of public expenditure analysis; intergovernmental fiscal relations and economics of public debt.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Public Sector Economics: Taxation
Introduction to the theory of taxation; economic consequences of federal and provincial taxes; theory of optimum taxation; analysis of Canadian tax system.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Urban Economics
Theories of location, city formation and urban spatial structure. Topics include housing, transportation, poverty, financing of municipal governments and the economics of city size. Social welfare implications of problems and policies.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Regional Economics
Theories of regional income determination; classical and other theories of regional growth; regional business cycles. Canadian regional disparities and nature of "Canadian Economic Union". Regional development policies in Canada, the UK and France.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P22.
Intermediate Microeconomics II
Topics may include models of market structure such as monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition; demand and supply of factors of production under perfect and imperfect markets. Introduction to the general equilibrium model and welfare theory emphasizing applications.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Intermediate Macroeconomics II
Topics include economic growth theory, money demand and supply, inflation, unemployment, and the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy in an open economy.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P22.
Labour Economics
(also offered as LABR 3P24)
Economics of the labour market. Topics include the demand for labour, the supply of labour and investment in human capital. Policy applications.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Topics in Labour Economics
(also offered as LABR 3P25)
Topics vary from year to year and may include unemployment and the impact of unemployment insurance in the labour market, discrimination in the labour market, labour migration and the economic impact of immigration, economics of the family, the distribution of income and wealth in Canada, the economic impact of unions on wages and non-wage outcomes, issues in retirement and pensions.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Economics of Natural Resources
Economic analysis of the extraction of non-renewable resources (such as oil or minerals) and the harvest of renewable resources (such as water, fish or forests). Development of socially optimal extraction or harvesting rules. Examination of recent government resource policies.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Environmental Economics
Economic analysis of environmental degradation. The theory of externalities applied to environmental policy design for air, water, soil and toxic pollutants. International and distributional impacts.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Energy Economics
Operation of the energy industry in North America and globally. Economics of exploration, development, production, marketing and transportation of energy. Demand for energy. Impact of government regulations and deregulation.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23.
Directed Studies in Economics
Topics not covered in the Department's regular course offerings.
Restriction: permission of the Department
Note: topics must be chosen in consultation with a faculty member willing to supervise the directed studies.
Game Theory
(also offered as MATH 3P73)
Representation of Games. Strategies and payoff functions. Static and dynamic games of complete or incomplete information. Equilibria concepts: Nash, Bayesian Nash, and Perfect Bayesian Nash equilibria. Convexity concepts, fixed points for correspondences and minimax. Core and Shapley value of a game. Refinements and Applications.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab/tutorial, 1 hour per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P91 or MATH 2P72.
Econometrics
The regression model in applied economics. The classical model and its extensions such as auto correlation and heteroscedasticity. Model specification and introduction to dynamic models. Theory and application of the regression model including a variety of practical examples.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22; one of ECON 2P90, 2P91, MATH 2P81 and 2P82; one of MATH 1P01, 1P05, 1P97, or permission of the instructor.
Mathematical Economics
Quantitative techniques used in economic theory and business problems. Topics may include sets and relations, matrix algebra, differential calculus, multivariate optimization without constraints and constrained optimization.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to MATH (single or combined) majors or general studies students.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22; one of MATH 1P01, 1P05, 1P97.
Forecasting in Economics
Forecasting methods in business and economics such as time series extrapolative methods, Box-Jenkins and econometric model-based approaches. Combined forecasting methods and evaluation of forecasts. Practical applications in business and economics.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ECON 2P90, 2P91, MATH 2P81.
International Trade
The pure theory of international trade and commercial policy. Topics include the gains from trade, specialization, determinants of trade flows and impacts of tariffs and quotas.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P21.
International Payments
Adjustment in the balance of payments and the role of international monetary institutions. International capital flows, interest rate arbitrage and exchange rates. International asset portfolio diversification.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 3P22.
Topics in Applied Econometrics
Topics may include time series econometrics, simultaneous equation model, unit root problem, trend modelling in economic time series, co-integration, Granger causality testing, vector auto regressions and dummy dependent variable models.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P30 or 3P91; ECON 3P90.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Analysis of welfare economics and its application to project evaluation. Emphasis on measurement of non-market activities such as benefits from environmental improvements and valuation of unemployed resources.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P21.
Computational Economics
Introduction to modern computer-based numerical methods for the analysis of economic models. Discussion of problems not readily solved using standard analytics. Computational techniques, with actual applications providing experience as alternatives. Topics include numerical equation solving, function evaluation, root finding, optimization or simulation of games, dynamic general equilibrium, models with uncertainty.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P21 and 3P91.
Mathematical Methods in Economics
Topics may include propositional logic, theory of proofs, relations, properties of functions, constrained optimization, and techniques for integration and differential equations.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: not open to MATH (single or combined) majors
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 or 2P23; ECON 2P22 and 2P30.
Field Courses in Economics
Application of economic analysis to special topics.
Applied Economics Honours Seminar
Advanced research methods in economics including research design, inference and argument, and issues in economic methodology. Applied econometric modeling to capture and explain the stylized facts of aggregate variables (macro analysis), decision making behaviour (micro analysis) and policy analysis.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ECAN, ECON (single or combined), BBE, and INPE majors.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P10 (minimum 70 percent), ECON 3P21, ECON 3P22, and ECON 3P90 (minimum 70 percent) or permission of the instructor.
Honours Essay
Program of reading and research under the supervision of a Faculty member.
Restriction: open to ECON (single or combined) majors with approval to year 4 (honours).
Note: for more information students should consult the ECON 4F90 co-ordinator.
Advanced Macroeconomics
Advanced macro theory supplemented with readings and discussions of recent literature.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P22 (minimum 70 percent), 3P22 (minimum 70 percent) and 3Q91 (minimum 70 percent) or permission of the instructor.
Advanced Microeconomics
Advanced micro theory. Topics may include theory of consumer behaviour, theory of the firm, imperfect competition, general equilibrium and welfare economics, behaviour under uncertainty, risk and asymmetric information.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P21 (minimum 70 percent), 3P21 (minimum 70 percent) and 3Q91 (minimum 70 percent) or permission of the instructor.
International Money and Finance
Monetary approach to the balance of payments and exchange rate determination under rational expectations and other expectations regimes. Economic shocks, exchange rate volatility and efficiency of exchange rate markets. Capital flows and optimal currency areas.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P30 or 3P91; ECON 3P21 and 3P22.
Economic Growth
Classical and modern theories of economic growth and their empirical applications. Roles of population growth, education, human capital, investment and technological change on economic growth. Endogenous growth models and persistence of economic inequality across countries.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P30 or 3P91; ECON 3P21 and 3P22.
Monetary Economics
Advanced treatment of money demand including both theory and econometrics. Relationships between money and inflation, and money and economic growth. Rational expectations, efficient capital markets and monetary policy.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 2P30 or 3P91; ECON 3P21 and 3P22.
Economics of Information
Economic behaviour under different information structures. Topics may include principle-agent models, non-linear pricing, auctions, herd behaviour and cheap talk.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ECON 3P21 and 3P91.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ECON 3P98.