Brock University TREN 3P18 / Burapha University International College 957439
Sustainable Transportation
SPECIAL TERM ABROAD IN THAILAND INTERNATIONAL SESSION
Meetings:
Wed: 0900-1150
Room 401, Dr. Suchart Upatham International College Building
Lecture attendance is mandatoryInstructor: David T. Brown Office: Dr. Suchart Upatham International College Building Room 603 Telephone: 09-1513-3493 E-mail:
dbrown@brocku.ca
Introduction
Motorized mobility and affordable travel bring many significant environmental, social, and economic impacts, both positive and negative. Affluent people consider personal mobility to be a right, and even those of modest means aspire to travel. Can we manage the consequences of our ever-increasing quest for mobility? Can transportation be made more sustainable? This course is an interdisciplinary international survey of the cultural, social and economic impacts of transportation and its effects on built and natural environments.
A major focus of the course is the automobile and its impacts and alternatives. Other transport modes (aircraft, rail, cruise ships and watercraft, cycling, snowmobiles, ATVs, and other specialized transportation) may also be considered. The course makes extensive use of multimedia (film, video and online resources) integrated into in-class lectures, discussions and presentations. Students will also participate in peer-led interdisciplinary synthesis sessions.Brock Students:
Synthesis Session Reports ..................... 35 %Comprehensive Final Exam ..................... 35 %
-----
BUUIC Students:
Midterm and Final Exams (2 x 35 %)....... 70 %-----
Everyone:
Participation.......................................... 10 %
Class attendance................................... 10 %
Peer evaluation...................................... 10 %
______________________________________
Total....................................................100 %Note: BUUIC students have the option to follow the same
evaluation scheme as Brock students if they choose.
Late assignments are penalized at the rate of 33.3% per day, 7 days per week.
Plagiarism will result in an automatic grade of zero on the assignment and possible university disciplinary action. Computer-assisted anti-plagiarism tools may be employed.
Students must know and abide by the policies and regulations of their respective institutions regarding appropriate conduct, academic misconduct, and plagiarism. See The Fine Print (below) for further details.
Synthesis Sessions and Reports
Integrating and making sense of interdisciplinary information from various sources is a major objective of this course. Synthesis sessions are designed to allow interaction with your peers to discuss the implications and linkages of each topic in more detail.
In synthesis class, each Brock student will be responsible for answering one of the questions in detail and leading discussion within the entire class on this topic, integrating the material presented from all sources within the thematic framework of the course. Each presenter will be allotted about 15 minutes for discussion and 5 minutes for presentation.
ALL STUDENTS (Burapha and Brock) will be asked to evaluate your peers on their participation and performance in these classroom discussion sessions.
A properly formatted written synthesis report must be submitted electronically by Brock students to all your peers in the course and to the instructor by midnight two days before the synthesis session. Each synthesis report will consist of a concise (maximum 1500 words) response to the question for which you are responsible.
Substantiate your response and conclusions with properly formatted references from outside sources and from course readings. Aim for a minimum of 10 references, at least half of which should be from peer-reviewed academic journals or similar credible academic sources.
The instructor reserves the right to make use of computerized anti-plagiarism tools to screen all submitted assignments.
Weekly Readings
Readings for each presentation will be distributed electronically or (rarely) placed on reserve in the BUUIC library.
Exam
The final examination will take place on 24 April in Room IC 401 from 09:00-12:00.
Lecture Schedule
(subject to modification)
09 Jan
- Course Introduction
- Review of course outline
- Expectations
- Peer photos
Transportation Filmfest:
Roger and Me (Michael Moore, 1989) [91 min]
16 Jan Transportation Filmfest:
- The Romance of Transportation in Canada (National Film Board of Canada, 1952)
- What on Earth? (National Film Board of Canada, 1966)
Review: Principles of Sustainability / Policy
Principles of sustainability:
Policy:
23 Jan Review: Principles of Sustainability / Policy (continued)
Principles of sustainability:
Policy:
30 Jan Reflection on sustainability
Sustainable transportation performance indicators
- What is sustainable transportation?
Refs:
Gilbert, Richard and Katharine Myrans. 2003. Sustainable Transportation Performance Indicators. Environment Canada / Centre for Sustainable Transportation. 18 pp. Available in PDF format at http://cst.uwinnipeg.ca/documents/STPI_synopsis.pdf (current to 10 Jan 2013).06 Feb The Economic, Environmental, and Social Costs of the Car
Readings:
- Part 1 (pp.3-70) of Zuckermann, Wolfgang. 1991. End of the Road: The World Car Crisis and How We Can Solve It. Chelsea Green Publishing Company, Post Mills, Vermont. Also available in the Brock library (HE 5611 Z83 1991).
- Litman, Todd. 2002. The Costs of Automobile Dependency and the Benefits of Balanced Transportation. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.
- See also: Online lecture notes
Workshop Exercise: The Costs of the Car
13 Feb No lecture due to Chinese New Year and student illnesses
20 Feb Cultural perspectives on auto dependency
Marketing and Car NamesVideo:
Readings:
- Car Crazy (Episode II)
- Freund, Peter and George Martin. 1993. Chapter 5: The Ideology of the Automobile and Chapter 6: The Phenomenology of Automobility. Pp. 81-110 in: The Ecology of the Automobile. Black Rose Books, Montreal.
- Pettifer, Julian and Nigel Turner. 1984. Car Crazy. Chapter 4 (pp.82-107) in Automania : Man and the Motor Car. London: Collins, 289 pp.
- My Car is my Lover
- BBC America Reveals, 2009
Meet Edward and Jordan. They are mechaphiles -- men who are sexually obsessed by cars. They regularly chat online, but this program sees them undertake the journey of a lifetime to attend a huge car convention. Both VW Beetle owners, the men reveal their stories and what it's like to have a "full" relationship with a car. But how will the men react when faced with a huge beauty parade of metal and rubber, and will they be able to remain faithful?
Readings:
- Autoeroticism. 1989. Design Quarterly No. 146. Walker Art Center. Issue Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/i385660
27 Feb Cultural perspectives on auto dependency (continued)
Video:
- Design for Dreaming (Episode III)
- Automania, 1984
- Design for Dreaming (1956 GM Motorama)
Part II - INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON MOBILITY
Video presentation:
- Cars versus People (Episode II, Automania, 1984). 30 Minutes.
Readings:
- Pettifer, Julian and Nigel Turner. 1984. The Car and the Developing World. Chapter 5 (pp.108-123) in Automania : Man and the Motor Car. London: Collins, 289 pp.
- Dahl, Richard 2005. Heavy Traffic Ahead: Car Culture Accelerates. Environmental Health Perspectives 113(4): A229-A245 (April 2005)
- Gan, Lin. 2003. Globalization of the automobile industry in China: dynamics and barriers in greening of the road transportation. Energy Policy 31: 537–551
- Sen, Ashish Kumar. Out here the Nano is a No-No. Outlook 28 January 2008 p71.
- Dasgupta, Debarshi. Earning Carma. Outlook 28 January 2008 p.72
- Powell, Bill. 2008. The Short March. Time (Canadian edition) 171(8):30-36 (25 February 2008). Available in electronic version at http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1713336,00.html .
- Discovery Bay. 2011. Wikipedia. Available online at URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_Bay (current to 10 Jan 2011)
06 Mar International Perspectives on Mobility (cont'd).
Alternative fuels for transportation / Electric vehicles
Video presentation:
- Paine, Chris (director). 2006. Who killed the electric car? Sony Pictures Classics. 93 minutes. See press kit and website at http://www.sonyclassics.com/whokilledtheelectriccar/electric.html (current to 05 March 2013).
Readings - Alternative fuels:
- Reed, Philip. 2006. Ethanol? Fuel cell? Biodiesel? An Alternative Fuel Overview. Available online at URL http://www.edmunds.com/fuel-economy/ethanol-fuel-cell-biodiesel-an-alternative-fuel-overview.htmll Posted 17 April 2006 (current to 05 March 2013)
- Boyle, Grant. 2005. An Overview of Alternative Transport Fuels in Developing Countries: Drivers, Status, and Factors Influencing Market Deployment. Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Alternatives in the Transport Sector: Issues for Developing Countries. United Nations University International Conference, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7-9 November 2005. Available online at http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2011/953065.pdf
(current to 05 March 2013).
- Herbst, Moira. 2007. Ethanol's growing list of enemies. Business Week, 19 March 2007. Available online at http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-03-19/ethanols-growing-list-of-enemiesbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice (current to 05 March 2013).
See also:
- Ontario. Ministry of Transportation. 2007. New and Alternative Vehicles Information Update. Available online at http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/dandv/vehicle/emerging/index.html
13 Mar Synthesis Session 2
In-class group presentations by Brock students
20 Mar First 90 minutes: Mid-term examination for BUUIC students
Last 90 minutes: Trails and Greenways
Urban Planning case studies (historical and recent):
- Brown, David T. and John Middleton. 1993. Of Progeny, Parking, and Progressive Policies. Downtowner May June 1993 (1660.4 KB)
- Paul, Fred. 1993. Rebuttal to Brown and Middleton parking article - Downtowner July August 1993 (1634.9 KB)
- Brown, David T. 1993. A Further Explanation. Downtowner Sept Oct 1993. (3641.2 KB)
- City of St. Catharines. 2010. Garden City Plan (excerpt): Parking [pp.25-26].
- Taddeo,Lisa. 2010. Did you notice Janette Sadik-Khan just remade the streets of New York? Esquire 154(5) Dec 2010 pp 158-174. Available online at http://www.esquire.com/print-this/janette-sadik-khan-1210?page=all
27 Mar Autos, Urban Form, and Fossil Fuels BEFORE COMING TO CLASS:
Articles (several, but short!!):
- Sewell, John. 2003. Breaking the suburban habit. Alternatives Journal. Waterloo: Summer 2003. Vol.29, Iss. 3; pg. 22. Available online through ProQuest database, or directly at http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-3139863/Breaking-the-suburban-habit-the.html (current to 19 Jan 2011).
- Jaccard, Mark. 2005.Sustainable Fossil Fuels: The Unusual Suspect in the Quest for Clean and Enduring Energy. Full Synopsis and Reading Guide.
- Barlow, Maude. 2000. Out In The Cold: How We Really Lost Control of our Oil and Gas Prices. Available online at http://www.canadians.org/energy/documents/Out_in_cold_05.pdf (current to 07 February 2007).
- Barlow, Maude. 2010. Escape from Mordor: In order to reverse the death of nature, Canada must tackle its trade agreements with the U.S. New Internationalist 431:11 (available online at http://www.newint.org/features/2010/04/01/free-trade/ - current to 10 Jan 2011)
- Laxer, Gordon. 2005. If our NAFTA partners can have national energy programs, why can’t we? Canadian Perspectives, Spring/Summer 2005. Available online at: http://www.canadians.org/publications/CP/2005/spring/CP_summer_05_energy.pdf
Audio clip:
- Jaccard, Mark. 2006. Sustainable Fossil Fuels. Interview with Mark Jaccard on Quirks and Quarks (CBC Radio), 04 March 2006. Click to listen to or download the interview in mp3 format.
IN CLASS:
Video presentation:
- The End of Suburbia: Oil Depletion and the Collapse of The American Dream (2004). Hosted by Barrie Zwicker. Featuring James Howard Kunstler, Peter Calthorpe, Michael Klare, Richard Heinberg, Matthew Simmons, Michael C. Ruppert, Julian Darley, Colin Campbell, Kenneth Deffeyes, Ali Samsam Bakhtiari and Steve Andrews. Directed by Gregory Greene. Produced by Barry Silverthorn. Duration: 78 minutes. The Electric Wallpaper Co., PO Box 13, Paris ON N3L 3E5 Canada.
Peak Oil
(Journeyman Pictures, London, U.K. - 2006)Is the age of cheap oil about to come to an end? According to many experts, we are about to reach the point of "peak oil", the level at which supply can no longer keep up with demand. This, say the doomsayers, could send economies spinning into turmoil and up-end our comfortable, urban lifestyles. But others claim predictions like this are simply scaremongering. They believe supply will match demand for decades to come. So who’s telling the truth? ‘Peak Oil’ investigates.
03 Apr Transportation on Vacation I: Air Travel and Greenhouse Gases
Video Presentation:
Some brief articles on additional transportation concepts of relevance (total approximately 10 pages):
- Aston, Ceri and Mike Wiseman. 2007. Should I really give up flying? Video documentary, BBC 2 (Manchester), January 2007 - 46 Minutes. Broadcast in Canada on CBC TV's The Passionate Eye on 24 September 2007 (see synopsis an links at http://www.cbc.ca/passionateeyemonday/feature_240907.html)
Commercial aviation and its impacts:
- BBC NEWS. 2005. Aviation 'huge threat to CO2 aim' . Available online at http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/sci/tech/4266466.stm (published: 2005/09/21; current to 22 March 2007).
- Plane stupid: 10 reasons to ground the plane. Available online at http://www.planestupid.com/10reasons (current to 08 February 2011).
Renewed potential of shipping for goods transport:
- Forsyth, Paul. 2007. Hwy. H2O. Niagara This Week, Friday 23 March 2007, p.9.
Carbon offsets
- Carbon offset. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset
- David Suzuki Foundation / Pembina Institute. 2010. Doing Business in a New Climate.
Some "plane talk" about carbon offsetting:
- Plane Stupid. The Armchair Environmentalist's Guide to Offsets. Available online at URL http://www.planestupid.com/offset (current to 08 Feb 2011).
Carbon emission calculators for aviation
- Atmosfair - http://atmosfair.de/index.php?id=9&L=3
- ClimateCare - https://www.jpmorganclimatecare.com/business/business-co2-calculator/
- LivClean - http://www.livclean.ca/calculator.php
10 Apr Transportation on vacation II: Cruise ships and their impacts Readings available online:
Cruise ship references
- Howitt, Oliver J.A., Vincent G.N. Revol, Inga J. Smith, Craig J. Rodger. 2010. Carbon emissions from international cruise ship passengers’ travel to and from New Zealand. Energy Policy 38 (2010) 2552-2560.
- Copeland Claudia 2008 Cruise Ship Pollution - US Congressional Research Report (CRS Report for Congress) no. RL32450 (see summary, p.2).
- Johnson, David. 2002. Environmentally sustainable cruise tourism: a reality check. Marine Policy 26(4): 261-270 (July 2002). Available online through Brock University e-journals in PDF or HTML formats.
- Bluewater Network / Friends of the Earth. 2006. Cruise Ships: More Ships, More Passengers, More Pollution. Available online at http://www.brocku.ca/tren/courses/tren3p18/Cruiseship_MiniReport_06.pdf (current to 09 Feb 2011).
Read Chapter 2 - Environmental Effects of Cruise Ships (pp. 7-23) in:
- New Zealand Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. 2003. Just cruising? Environmental effects of cruise ships. Wellington: Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. 56 pp. Available online at: www.brocku.ca/tren/courses/tren3p18/JustCruising.pdf (current to 22 March 2007).
Read Acknowledgements, Foreword, Executive Summary (pp. 1-5) and Conclusions (p.51) in:
- Centre for Environmental Leadership in Business (CELB) / Conservation International. 2006. From Ship to Shore: Sustainable Stewardship in Cruise Destinations. Special report, CELB. 52 pp. Available online at www.brocku.ca/tren/courses/tren3p18/From Ship to Shore - Sustainable Stewardship in Cruise Destinations.pdf.
17 Apr SONGKRAN HOLIDAY 24 Apr Final examination for all students - Room IC 401, 09:00-12:00. 01 May FINAL COURSE WRAP UP
Online Lecture Notes
Right-click to download or left-click to view in browser:
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION COURSE OVERVIEW
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION DEFINITIONS AND INDICATORS
ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL COSTS OF THE CAR
ENERGY SECURITY IN CANADA / THE END OF SUBURBIA
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON MOBILITY
CAR-FREE COMMUNITY OF DISCOVERY BAY
UNEP SUSTAINABLE TOURISM FRAMEWORK: IMPACTS OF TOURISM
CRUISE SHIPS AND THEIR IMPACTS
AVIATION IMPACTS / CARBON OFFSETS
Bibliography
The following is a brief and non-exhaustive compendium of print and online material relevant to this course. Not all print materials are accessible at both Brock University and Otago libraries. Exact Library of Congress classification codes may vary amongst different libraries.
Alternatives Journal. 1998. Cars vs Transit (special theme issue). Pages 16 - 42. Volume 24, Number 1, Winter 1998. Periodical PER HC 79 E5 A45 V.24, 1998.
Bottles, Scott. 1987. Los Angeles and the Automobile: The Making of the Modern City. University of California Press, Berkeley. (HE 5634 L7 B68 1987)
Dunn, James A.1998. Driving forces : the automobile, its enemies, and the politics of mobility. Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C. (HE 5623 D86 1998)
Engwicht, David. 1993. Reclaiming our cities and towns: Better living with less traffic. New Society publishers, Gabriola Island, B.C. (HT 166 E54 1993)Flink, James J. 1975. The car culture. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.(TL 23 F572)
Freund, Peter and George Martin. 1993. The Ecology of the Automobile. Black Rose Books, Montreal. (HE 5613 F73 1993)
Gordon, Deborah. 1991. Steering a New Course: Transportation, Energy, and the Environment. Union of Concerned Scientists. Island Press, Washington, D.C. (HE 5623 G67 1991)
Jennings, Jan. 1990. Roadside America : the automobile in design and culture. Iowa State University Press / Society for Commercial Archeology. Ames, Iowa. (HE 5623 R62 1990).
Litman, Todd. 2002. The Costs of Automobile Dependency and the Benefits of Balanced Transportation. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Available in PDF format at www.vtpi.org/ecodev.pdf (current to 22 Jan 2005).
Litman, Todd.2006. Evaluating Transportation Equity: Guidance For Incorporating Distributional Impacts in Transportation Planning. Victoria Transport Policy Institute, 18 January 2006. Available in PDF format at http://www.vtpi.org/equity.pdf (current to 22 Jan 2005).
Mackenzie, James J. 1994. The Keys to the Car: Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles for the 21st Century. World Resources Institute. WRI Publications, Baltimore, Maryland. (TD 886.5 M25 1994)
Mackenzie, James J. and Michael P. Walsh. 1990. Driving Forces: Motor Vehicle Trends and Their Implications for Global Warming, Energy Strategies, and Transportation Planning. World Resources Institute. WRI Publications, Baltimore, Maryland. (TD 886.5 M33 1990)
Mathew, Don and Andrew Rothwell. 1991. The Environmental Impact of the Car. Greenpeace International, The Netherlands.
McShane, Clay. 1994. Down the Asphalt Path: The Automobile and the American City. Columbia University Press, New York. (HE 5623 M34 1994)
Nadis, Steve and James J. MacKenzie. 1993. Car Trouble. World Resources Institute Guide to the Environment. Beacon Press, Boston. (TD 886.5 N3 1993)
Newman, Peter W.G. and Jeffrey R. Kenworthy. 1989. Cities and automobile dependence : a sourcebook. Gower Books, Brookfield, Vt. (HT 166 E54 1993)
ORTEE / NRTEE (Ontario Round Table on Environment and Economy / National Round Table on Environment and Economy). 1995. A Strategy for Sustainable Transportation in Ontario: Report of the Transportation and Climate Change Collaborative. ISBN 0-7778-4672-1 (no publisher imprint).
Renner, Michael. 1988. Rethinking the role of the automobile. Worldwatch Paper 84. Worldwatch Institute, Washington. (HE 5613 R37 1988)
Rock, Maxine. 1992. The Automobile and the Environment. Chelsea House Publishers, New York. (TD 886.5 R64 1992)
Safdie, Moshe (with Wendy Kohn). 1997. The City After the Automobile: An architect's vision. Stoddart Publishing, Toronto. (HT 371 S23 1997)
Schiller, Preston L., Eric C. Bruun and Jeffrey R. Kenworthy. 2010. An introduction to sustainable transportation : policy, planning and implementation. London ; Washington : Earthscan. (U of O permalink)
Sloman, Lynn. 2006. Car sick : solutions for our car-addicted culture. Chelsea Green Pub. Co. White River Junction, Vt. (HE 336 P43 S46 2006)
Vanderwagen, Joell. 1991. Transit in Canada: A Handbook for Environmentalists. Greenpeace Canada, Toronto.
Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Various dates. TDM (Transportation Demand Management) Encyclopedia.
Available in PDF format at http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/ (current to 22 Jan 2005).Zielinski, Sue and Gordon Laird (eds.). 1995. Beyond the Car: Essays on auto culture. Steel Rail Publishing / Transportation Options, Toronto. (HE 5613 B48 1995)
Zuckermann, Wolfgang. 1991. End of the Road: The World Car Crisis and How We Can Solve It. Chelsea Green Publishing Company, Post Mills, Vermont. (HE 5611 Z83 1991)
The Fine Print: University Policies and Regulations for Academic and Non-Academic Conduct
For TREN 3P18 / BUUIC957439: Sustainable Transportation,
Late assignments are penalized at the rate of 33.3% per day, 7 days per week.
Plagiarism will result in an automatic grade of zero on the assignment and possible university disciplinary action. Computer-assisted anti-plagiarism tools may be employed by the instructor.
Students must know and abide by the policies and regulations of their respective institutions regarding appropriate conduct, academic misconduct, and plagiarism.