PETROGRAPHY AND PETROLOGY

ERSC 3P21 - Lecture Outline

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INTRODUCTION

(The wallpaper comprising the background image is a mosaic of lunar basalt 12002 from the Apollo collection, photographed by the author, when the collection was on loan to the Earth Sciences Department.)

Objectives
Petrography, Petrology, Petrogenesis

Igneous Rocks

IGNEOUS ROCKS 1

Definition
Generalities

IGNEOUS ROCKS 2

Nomenclature and Classification
Silica Gradation/Colour Gradation/Saturation Concept
Chemistry
Modal Analysis
Normative Analysis
Variation Diagrams

IGNEOUS ROCKS 3

Fractionation

• Liquid Immiscibility
• Hybridization and Assimilation
• Fractional Crystallization

Phase Chemistry and Phase Diagrams

PHASE DIAGRAMS - INTRODUCTION

· Introduction

· Unary Systems

· Phase Rule

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Binary diagrams – BINARY DIAGRAMS - INTRODUCTION

• Introduction
• Definitions
• Getting Started
• Phase Rule
• Lever Rule
• Crystallization in Binary Systems

Binary System #1 - Simple system (Di-An)

An – Di BINARY SYSTEM

• Equilibrium Crystallization
• Fractional Crystallization
• Melting

Binary System # 2 - Congruently Melting Intermediate Compound
Binary System # 3 - No Solid Solution, Incongruently Melting Compound (Fo-Qtz)

Fo – Si BINARY SYSTEM

• Equilibrium Melting
• Equilibrium Crystallization
• Fractional Crystallization

Binary System # 4 - Solid Solution (Ab-An)

Ab – An BINARY SYSTEM

• Equilibrium Crystallization
• Fractional Crystallization

Binary System #5 - Ab-Or

Ab – Or BINARY SYSTEM

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Ternary Systems

TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAMS I

• Introduction
• Phase Rule
• Compositions

TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAMS II

• Hypothetical Ternary Systems
• Rules
• Directions of Falling Temperature

ISOTHERMAL SECTIONS

• Isothermal Sections

Ternary System #1 - Simple Ternary System (An-Wo-Sp)

An-Wo-Sp TERNARY SYSTEM

• Equilibrium Crystallization
• Fractional Crystallization

Ternary System #2 - Incongruent Melting (Fo-Si-An)

Fo-Si-An TERNARY SYSTEM

• Equilibrium Crystallization 1
• Equilibrium Crystallization 2
• Fractional Crystallization

Ternary System # 3 - Solid Solution (Di-Ab-An)

Di-Ab-An TERNARY SYSTEM

• Composition, Proportions, Tie Lines
• Equilibrium Crystallization 1
• Equilibrium Crystallization 2
• Fractional Crystallization

Lime-Silica-Corundum TERNARY SYSTEM

Metamorphism

METAMORPHIC ROCKS 1

• Introduction
• Temperature limits
• Terms

METAMORPHIC ROCKS 2

• Metamorphic Facies
• Types of Metamorphism

METAMORPHIC ROCKS 3

• Compositional Groups
• Barrovian Metamorphism

• Introduction
• Barrow's Zones
• Interpretation

Assignments

1. Binary Diagrams - simple and complex
2. Ternary Diagrams - simple
3. Ternary Diagrams - complex

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